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General
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With
the increased environmental awareness and pollution concerns, not only the Clean Water Act
has become a vital issue, but also safe disposal of industrial
effluents has become a mandate, subject to strict rules
and regulations. Treatment of
Industrial Wastewater effluents is required for two purposes,
Disposal and/or Reuse & Recycle. Most of the Industrial
wastewater influents contain Non-Biodegradable
pollutants, mainly requiring Physico-Chemical
Treatment. In cases where Biodegradable
pollutants are encountered in the wastewater stream, Biological Treatment
is necessary. Plant
design is largely dependant on the application, the specific pollutants
in the inlet stream and the level of cleanup of the final
effluent. Therefore, Modular Systems normally custom designs such plants.
Contaminants in the treated wastewater effluent would be
reduced to levels below the specified thresholds mandated for safe
disposal. If the intent is to Reuse
or Recycle the treated wastewater effluent, further downstream treatment
(Polishing) would be required.
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Integrated
Wastewater
Treatment Plants |
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Description |
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Type |
Integrated Wastewater
Treatment Plants |
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Usage |
Industrial Wastewater Treatment |
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Applications |
Industrial
effluents |
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Equipment |
Typical integrated
Wastewater Treatment system
consists of Three main sections or subsystems; Pretreatment,
Main Treatment Post Treatment. |
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Capacity |
Varies,
depending on custom requirements and application. Typical
capacities of Integrated Industrial Wastewater are as follows: |
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Feed Flow
100 - 2,000 m3/day
(18.4 - 376 gpm) |
Operating Pressure
1 - 4 Barg
(Atm - 60 psig) |
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Features |
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Pretreatment |
Customized,
to condition raw wastewater for the separation process. Typically
consists of Chemical Treatment, Clarification and Sludge Disposal |
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Main
Treatment |
Suspended
solids and organic contaminants removal. Separation systems
such as Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF), Biological Treatment
(Optional) followed by Media Filtration are employed. |
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Post
Treatment |
Customized,
for conditioning of the Main Treatment effluent. Typically consists of,
micron filtration, Activated Carbon and Sterilization |
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Instruments |
Locally
mounted primary
elements. Monitoring and Control Instruments are mounted on the Main Control Panel (MCP) |
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Controls |
PLC
controlling the entire plant sections. Typically located inside
the MCP |
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Advantages |
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Design |
1.
Simple and reliable
2. High quality components
3. Conservatively designed for consistent, trouble free
operation |
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Operation |
1.
Reliable, efficient and easy operation requiring little operator
attendance
2. Automatically controlled by micro processor based control
system
3. Safety interlocks with "Fail Safe" operation
for extra system protection
4. All pumps are protected against running dry
5. Gravity flow where possible, for simplified operation
6. Lower capital and operating cost |
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Performance |
Treated
Wastewater effluent with contaminants levels less than disposal
thresholds. Effluent could be Reused or Recycled after
further treatment through a Polishing Loop. |
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Components |
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Pretreatment |
1. Chemical Treatment: Typically includes Coagulant,
Coagulant Aid, Alkali and/ or Acid injection systems.
2. Clarification: Conventional or Lamella-type
Clarifiers
3. Oil Separation: Gravity Oil Separator with
Skimmer and Solids collector
4. Sludge Disposal: Filter Press (Optional) |
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Main
Treatment |
1. Dissolved Air
Flotation (DAF): Flotation cell with air injectors,
Skimmer, Solids under-drain collector and integrated Air Pressurization
Skid.
2. Biological Treatment (If required)
3. Media Filtration: Multi-media, pressure or
gravity filters |
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Post
Treatment |
1. Adsorption:
Activated Carbon Filters for removal of color and traces of
organic materials
2. Micron Filtration: Bag or Cartridge Filters for
removal of traces of suspended solids
3. Chemical Treatment: pH adjustment
4. Disinfection: Ozone injection prior to
disposal |
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Piping |
1. Interconnecting piping: fabricated of FRP, Sch 80 PVC or
CPVC |
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Valves |
1. Control Valves:
Modulating, with
Pneumatic or Electrical Actuator
2. Auto Isolation Valves: Pneumatic or Electrical operator w/ Auto On-Off
control
3. Manual Valves: CS or Plastic, as required |
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Instruments |
Provided for
continuous monitoring and control of Flow, Pressure, Temperature,
Level and Analytical parameters, such as pH and Turbidity |
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Controls |
Automatic
control via Programmable
Logic Controller (PLC), mounted inside the Main Control Panel (MCP) |
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Electrical |
Motor
Control Center (MCC), including motor starters and controls; Local
Starter Panels and Junction Boxes; Miscellaneous hardware |
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Options |
1.
Filter Press
2. Biological Treatment |
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